Physical effects from the Yushu meteoroid. 3
Рубрика:
| 1Chernogor, LF 1V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine |
| Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2023, 39(3):25-52 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/kfnt2023.03.025 |
| Язык: Ukrainian |
Аннотация: Comprehensive modeling studies of the processes induced in all geospheres by the passage and explosion of the meteoroid Yushu at the Province of Quinghai (People’s Republic of China) at 22 December 2020 have been conducted. Magnetic, electric, electromagnetic, ionospheric, and seismic effects, the effects of acoustic-gravity waves have been estimated. The magnetic effect of turbulence has been shown to be insignificant. The magnetic effect of the ionospheric currents and the current in the wake of the meteoroid could be substantial (~1 nT). Due to the accumulation of electrons in the atmospheric gravity wave field, the magnetic effect could reach the order of 1 nT. Under the action of an external electric field, a transient current pulse with the current density up to ~104 A could occur. The electrostatic effect could be accompanied by the accumulation of an electric charge of ~ 1...10 mC producing the electric field intensity of ~1 MV/m. The flow of the electric current in the wake of the meteoroid could result in the generation of an electromagnetic pulse in the 10 kHz band with the electric field intensity of 3...30 V/m. The electromagnetic effect of infrasound has been determined to be significant (3...20 V/m and 10...60 nT). The absorption of the shock wave at ionospheric dynamo region altitudes (100...150 km) could generate secondary atmospheric gravity waves with the ~0.1...1 relative amplitude. The passage of the meteoroid acted to produce a plasma wake not only in the lower but also in the upper atmosphere in the range no less than 1,000 km. The possibility of appearance of electrophonic effect was improbable. The possibilities of appearing the generation of the ion and magnetic sound by infrasound, as well as the generation of gradient-drift and drift-dissipative instabilities are discussed. A magnetic, electric, and electromagnetic effects dealt with in this paper partially fill up gaps in the theory of physical effects produced by meteoroids in the Earth — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system. The magnitudes of magnetic, electric, electromagnetic, ionospheric, and acoustic effects were significant. The magnitude of the earthquake caused by the meteoroid explosion did not exceeded 2.5. The mean rate of the fall of celestial bodies similar to the Yushu meteoroid is equal to 0.49 yr–1. |
| Ключевые слова: acoustic and atmospheric gravity waves, acoustic effects, comprehensive simulation, electric effects, electromagnetic effects, ionospheric effects, magnetic effects, plasma wake, seismic effects, Yushu meteoroid |
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