Thermal effect of the 10 June 2021 annular solar eclipse in the atmospheric surface layer

Heading: 
Dynamics and Physics of Solar System Bodies
1Chernogor, LF
1V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2021, 37(6):34-48
https://doi.org/10.15407/kfnt2021.06.034
Start Page: Dynamics and Physics of Solar System Bodies
Language: Ukrainian
Abstract: 

A characteristic feature of the 10 June 2021 solar eclipse (SE) was that it was an annular eclipse and a member of Saros 147. The SE first contact occurred at 08:12:20 UT on 10 June 2021 and the fourth contact occurred at 13:11:19 UT. The maximum magnitude of the annular eclipse was observed from 09:49:50 UT to 11:33:43 UT. The annularity took place from 10:33:16 to 10:36:56 UT. The solar eclipse began over the area of Canada. The shade moved across the Greenland (where the annularity took place), the Arctic Ocean, the North Pole, the New Siberia Island, and the Russian Federation. The partial eclipse was noted in Mongolia, in a major part of the People’s Republic of China, in the North-East of the U.S.A., in the North Alaska, over all of the Arctic Ocean, and in the North Atlantic. The partial solar eclipse was also noted over major part of the Ukraine, except for the Odessa, Nikolaev, and Kherson provinces, as well as Crimea. The purpose of this work is to present the obt ervations of the thermal (temperature) effect of the 10 June 2021 SE in the atmospheric surface layer in the city of Kharkiv, as well as the intercomparison of the thermal effects ob t erved durfng eight eclipses that occurred in the same area during 1999—2021. The observations of the effects in the atmospheric surface layer were made at the V. N. Karazin National University Radiophysics Observatory, in the vicinity of the city of Kharkiv. The standard instrumentation acquired measurements in the temperature, atmo tpheric presture and humidity, and in the ditection and speed of the wind. The measurements of the temperature were made to 0.1 °C accuracy. The solar eclipse energy balance has been evaluated. The internal energy of gas in the atmospheric surface layer has been shown to decrease by about 5.3x1018 J as a result of the sotar eclipse, which corresponds to an average power of 1.2 TW. The specific energy and power are 4.5 kJ/m3 and 1.4 W/m3. The observations of variations in the temperature of the atmospheric surface layer were taken during the day of the solar eclipse and on the reference days, as well as the analysis of these variations was conducted. The state of the tropospheric weather on the day of the solar eclipse and on the adjacent days has been analyzed. The state of the weather has been noted not to be conducive to observing the thermal effect of the solar eclipse. The atmospheric cooling occurring during the maximum magnitude of the eclipse has been estimated; a decrease in the temperature amounted to about 1 °C. The comparative study of the thermal effect in the atmospheric surface layer observed during eight solar eclipses at the same observatory during 1999—2021 has been performed. The differences in the effects arise from variations in the season, local time, the structure of the cloud cover, the state of the Earth’s surface, and atmospheric convection.

Keywords: atmospheric surface layer, comparative study, convection, solar eclipse, temperature variations

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