The data acquired at 10 geomagnetic observatories (Paratunka, Magadan, Yakutsk, and Khabarovsk (Russian Federation), Memambetsu, Kanoya, and Kakioka (Japan), Cheongyang (Republic of Korea), Shumagin, College (United States of America)) during the Kamchatka meteoroid event of 18 December 2018 and on the reference days of 17 and 19 December 2018 have been used to analyze temporal variations in the geomagnetic field components. The distance r from the observatories to the site of explosive energy release by the meteorite varied from 1.001 to 4.247 Mm. The passage of the Kamchatka meteoroid through the magnetosphere and atmosphere was accompanied by variations mainly in the H geomagnetic field component. The magnetic effect from the magnetosphere was observed to occur twice, 51 min and 28 min prior to the meteorite explosion, the amplitude of the disturbances in the geomagnetic field did not exceed 0.2...1 nT, and the durations were observed to be approximately 20 min and 10 min, respectively. Changing in sign peaks in the level of the H component were observed to lag behind the meteoroid explosion by 8 to 13 min for r from 1.004 to 4.247 Mm. The amplitude of the oscillations varied with increasing r from 0.5 to 0.1 nT, while the duration of the magnetic effect from the ionosphere varied in the 16...25-min range for all distances. The apparent speed of propagation in this group of disturbances that were of MHD nature was observed to be about 10 km/s. In the second group of disturbances, the time lag was increasing with increasing distance within the distance range mentioned above from 56 to 218 min. The duration of the disturbance was observed to be about 30...65 min, the apparent speed to be 336 m/s, and the period to be 5...10 min. This disturbance in the magnetic field was caused by an atmospheric gravity wave propagating from the meteoroid explosion. The theoretical models for the magnetic effects observed are presented and theoretical estimates are performed. The observations are in agreement with the estimates.