About the time of radiation relaxation of the hydrogen-helium atmosphere, determined on the change in the activity factor of Jupiter’s hemispheres
| 1Vidmachenko, AP 1Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2020, 36(1):24-34 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/kfnt2020.01.024 |
| Start Page: Dynamics and Physics of Solar System Bodies |
| Language: Ukrainian |
Abstract: At the time of the summer solstice for the northern hemisphere, Jupiter is in perihelion. Therefore, due to the significant eccentricity of the orbit, the influx of energy into the atmosphere of the northern hemisphere is 21 % more than for the southern hemisphere. This leads to the asymmetry of the meridional distribution of the reflective properties of visible clouds. An analysis of the results of Jupiter’s observations for 1960—2019 showed that the ratio AJ = BN/BS is a good factor in the activity of processes in the atmosphere of Jupiter, showing a periodic increase in the brightness of the southern and northern tropical and temperate regions during the orbiting of Jupiter around the Sun. The reaction of the atmosphere to a change of its influx by the sun does not occur instantaneously, but with some delay. The results of Jupiter’s observations in visible light in 1960—1995 and 2012—2019 show a synchronous delay on 3.4 years (τR ≈ 1.07*108 s) in response to a 21 % change in the irradiation of different hemispheres when the planet moves in orbit. In 1995—2012 a discrepancy was observed between the dependence AJ, the index of solar activity Sn and the mode of irradiation of Jupiter by the Sun due to its orbital motion. Variations associated with the influence of solar activity, mainly due to significant changes in the ultraviolet radiation of the Sun. This first affects the energetics of the upper atmosphere of Jupiter, and then such changes are indirectly transmitted into the tro¬po¬sphere, sometimes reducing the value of the constant relaxation τR to ~2.5 years. After 2012, the course of the time dependence of AJ, the index of solar activity and the irradiation regime of Jupiter due to its orbital motion — again became consistent. The periodicity in the changes in the photometric characteristics of the northern and southern hemispheres of Jupiter has also been restored. |
| Keywords: atmosphere, Jupiter, radiation relaxation, seasonal variations, solar activity |
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