Determination of physical parameters of the gas in neutral atmospheres of comets. Methods of circular aperture

1Kravtsov, FI, 1Luk'yanyk, IV
1Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Kinemat. fiz. nebesnyh tel (Online) 2013, 29(6):45-52
Start Page: Dynamics and Physics of Solar System Bodies
Language: Russian
Abstract: 

New method to determine the physical parameters of the gas in neutral atmospheres of comets is proposed in the paper. Application of circular diaphragms method to photometric observations of comet 2009/P1 (Garradd) showed that this method is suitable for determination of the hydrodynamic velocity of gas outflow and the lifetime of the molecules in the neutral atmospheres of comets.

Keywords: atmosphere, comets, method
References: 

1.C. W. Allen, Astrophysical Quantities (The Athlone, London, 1973).

2.R. S. Amirkhanov, K. I. Churyumov, and D. I. Gorodetskii, “Physical parameters of the neutral coma of comet Kohoutek (1973 KhII),” Probl. Kosm. Fiz., No. 14, 89–92 (1979).

3.V. L. Afanas’ev, “Physical characteristics of the neutral coma of comet Abe, 1970g,” Probl. Kosm. Fiz., No. 9, 120–129 (1974).

4.Yu. N. Gnedin and A. Z. Dolginov, “Distribution of particles in the head of a comet,” Astron. Zh., No. 1, 181–191 (1966).

5.Yu. N. Gnedin, A. Z. Dolginov, and G. G. Novikov, “Physical processes in the head of a comet,” Astron. Zh. 47(4), 870–884 (1970).

6.O. V. Dobrovol’skii, Comets (Nauka, Moscow, 1966) [in Russian].

7.V. V. Kafarov, Methods of Cybernetics in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (Khimiya, Moscow, 1976) [in Russian].

8.F. I. Kravtsov, Surface Photometry and Physical Conditions in the Head of Comet Kobayashi-Berger-Milon 1975 IX, Available from UkrNIINTI, No. 41, Uk–88 (Jan. 4, 1988).

9.D. O. Mokhnach, “Distribution of apparent density in the head of a comet and its impact on the determination of orbit elements,” Byul. Inst. Teor. Astron. AN SSSR 6(5), 269–311 (1956).

10.D. O. Mokhnach, “General case of a stationary distribution of apparent density in the head of a comet at constant isotropic emission,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 120(6), 1228–1230 (1958).

11.V. G. Riives, “On comet photometry,” Publ. Tartus. Astron. Obs. 31(2), 2–15 (1946).

12.B. I. Segal and K. A. Semendyaev, Five-Figure Mathematical Tables (GIFML, Moscow, 1962) [in Russian].

13.L. M. Shul’man, Cometary Atmosphere Dynamics: Neutral Gas (Nauk. Dumka, Kiev, 1972) [in Russian].

14.L. V. Yurevich and K. I. Churyumov, “Physical parameters of neutral gas in the head of comet Vesta (1973n) from spectral observations of March 15, 1976,” Probl. Kosm. Fiz., No. 13, 81–88 (1978).

15.E. Yanke, F. Emde, and F. Lesh, Special functions (Nauka, Moscow, 1977) [in Russian].

16.K. I. Churyumov, I. V. Lukyanyk, A. A. Berezhnoi, et al., “Optical spectroscopy of comet C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR) at the Guillermo Harro Astrophysical Observatory in Mexico,” Earth, Moon and Planets 90, 361–368 (2002).
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021586401331

17.K. I. Churyumov, I. V. Luk’yanyk, A. A. Berezhnoi, et al., “Spectral observations of the comet C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR) in Mexico,” Astron. and Astrophys. Trans. 22(3), 1–5 (2003).

18.K. I. Churyumov, V. V. Kleshchenok, and F. I. Kravtsov, “Physical parameters of the neutral gas coma of Halley’s comet (1986 III) on May 8, 9, and 10, 1986,” Astron. Lett. 20(4), 456–460 (1994).

19.K. I. Churyumov, I. V. Lukyanyk, L. S. Chubko, et al., “Exploration of spectra of periodic comet 153P/Ikeya-Zhang,” Kin. Phys. Celest. Bodies. Suppl. Ser, No. 5, 472–476 (2005).

20.M. R. Combi and A. H. Delsemme, “Neutral cometary atmospheres. 1. An average random walk model,” Astrophys. J. 237(2), 663–671 (1980).

21.M. C. Festou, “The density distribution of neutral compound in cometary atmospheres. 1. Model and equation,” Astron. Astrophys. 95(1), 69–80 (1981).

22.L. Haser, “Distribunion d’intensite dans la tete d’une comete,” Bull. Sci. Acad. Roy. Belg. Class des Sci. 43(10), 740–750.

23.L. V. Wallace and F. D. Miller, “Isophote configurations for model comets,” Astron. J. 63, 213–220 (1958).
https://doi.org/10.1086/107729